Charles Francatelli

Online shopping from a great selection at Books Store. Charles Elme' Francatelli is believed to have been born in London in 1805, to Nicholas and Sarah Francatelli. He actually grew up in France. He studied cooking at the Parisian College of Cooking, from which he received a diploma. While Queen Victoria and Prince Albert fell in love upstairs, we watched Mr. Francatelli and Miss Skerrett fall in love downstairs. The palace chef, Mr. Francatelli, took an early interest in Miss. 'A chef to nobility and a cook for the common man' One of the culinary legends of his time, Charles Elme Francatelli(1805-1876) was an Italian who journeyed to France for the opportunity to study under the legendary Chef Marie Antoine Careme who many call 'the architect of French cuisine.' We see her long-awaited marriage to Victoria's chef, Charles Francatelli, and with it, Skerrett's difficulty in leaving the Queen's side. The scenes between Francatelli and Skerrett on her.

Portrait of Charles Elmé Francatelli. Joseph Brown (1809-1887). From: The Cook's Guide. Wikimedia.

Despite his name and his French training, Charles Elmé Francatelli was English by nationality. He wrote several important cookbooks, and held in succession three of the most prestigious cooking positions in England at the time.

Early years

Francatelli was born in London in 1805, but grew up in France. His parents were Nicholas and Sarah Francatelli. In Paris, he learnt cooking, getting a diploma from the Parisian College of Cooking, and working under people such as Carême.

Upon his return to England, he worked for various places such as Rossie Priory and Chesterfield House as 'chef de cuisine' for the Earl of Chesterfield, and at Chislehurst in Kent for Sir Herbert Jenner-Fust.

First stint at the famous Crockford's Club

By 4 February 1839, he was working as chef at Crockford's Club in London, a gambling gentleman's gambling club, taking over from its previous chef Louis Eustache Ude, who had just quit in a salary dispute at the start of February (Disraeli didn't think much of Francatelli's chances at following in Ude's footsteps, but time was to prove him wrong.)

Queen Victoria

While at Crockford's, he made the acquaintance of William George Hay, the 18th Earl of Errol. In November of 1939, Hay became the Lord Steward of the Queen's Household.

On the 8th of March 1840, the chief cook at Buckingham Palace left his position. On Hay's recommendation, Francatelli took his place the very next day. He was in this position from 9 March 1840 to 31 March 1842 as maître d'hôtel and 'chief cook in ordinary.'.

Francatelli reputedly exhibited a chef's temperament in the kitchens, which caused him to quarrel with the Chief Comptroller of the Household, a Mr Norton, and be suspended from his position. (Hay was not around to defend him, as he had left his Chief Steward position earlier on 30 August 1841.) He did return to work, but a three month notice was given (either by him or the Palace). He subsequently finished his work there on 31st March 1842.

'[Francatelli's] treatise on gastronomy, published by Bentley, was alone sufficient to place him in the front rank of the scientific professors of the art. He was many years chef at Chesterfield House, when its dinners were the admiration of the gastronomic world of London. We subsequently trace him by his reputation to Rossie Priory (Lord Kinnaird's), and to the Melton Club, or Reunion, of which Lord Kinnaird, Sir W. M. Stanley, Mr. Rowland Errington, Mr. Lyne Stephens, and the late Count Matuzavicz were the members. He succeeded Ude as maitre d'hôtel at Crockford's, and was afterwards, through the discriminating patronage of the late Earl of Erroll, promoted to the honourable and enviable post of maitre d'hôtel and chief cook to the Queen. It is generally understood that his skill, zeal, and judicious economy obtained the full approval of Her Majesty and her Royal Consort; but what can such exalted personages know of the intrigues of the basement story of a palace? Or how can they be fairly made responsible for the heart-breaking humiliation and injustice that may be perpetrated by their authority? At the end of two years Francatelli was displaced, or reluctantly resigned, the victim (he doubtless believes) of some pantry, scullery, still-room, or steward's-room cabal, and the Coventry Club was fortunate enough to possess him for a period. At present, if we are not misinformed, he is in the full enjoyment of the otium cum dignitate, and of a handsome competence to boot -— a circumstance at which we should rejoice more cordially did it not militate very seriously against the gratification of our palates.'

Return to Crockford's

He then returned to Crockford's.

In 1845, while working at Crockford's, he published his book 'The Modern Cook' in England, and in America in the following year, 1846. The book sold well on both sides of the Atlantic. In it, he advocated two courses for meals — a savoury followed by dessert, which is how most everyday eating is done now.

He worked at Crockford's until 1 January 1846, when the Club went out of business.

Coventry House Club

In June 1846, he began working as managing steward at the Coventry House Club. He was there from the day it opened, 1 June 1846, till the day it closed on 25 March 1854.

In 1852, he got the food company Brown and Polson to be a sponsor of his book, 'A Plain Cookery-Book for the Working Classes.' In return, he gave Brown and Polson space for a large advertisement at the back of the book, and mentioned their products by name in several of his recipes.

Moves to the Reform Club

In late June or early July 1854, Francatelli became chef at the Reform Club, where Alexis Benoit Soyer had worked until 1850. Francatelli worked there for seven years.

'Signor Francatelli . . . remained in the service of the Reform Club until 1861 or 1862, during which time he gave great satisfaction to the members. Unfortunately for the Club, he was dismissed by the Committee on a point of temper and not of efficiency, and because he attempted to act as the master and not as the servant of his employers.'

Final years

Hp intel audio driver windows 10. By October 1870 Francatelli was manager of the Freemasons' Tavern in London. He working there until June 1876, then retired.

He died on 10 August 1876 at Eastbourne, England. The Times ran an obituary for him on 19 August 1876 titled 'An Illustrious Chef' (page 4 of that day's paper.)

Books

• 1845. The Modern Cook . A Practical Guide to the Culinary Art in All Its Branches. London: Richard Bentley. (Contained 1462 recipes. Online at archive.org, link valid as of August 2019) Note: an 1846 Philadelphia edition often cited, published by Lea and Blanchard, is the first American edition. .
• 1852. A Plain Cookery-Book for the Working Classes (Contained over 240 recipes. Online at gutenberg.org, link valid as of August 2019)
• 1861. Cook's Guide and Housekeeper's Butler's Assistant. London: Richard Bentley and Son.
• 1862. The Royal English and Foreign Confectioner . London: Chapman and Hall. (Online at archive.org, link valid as of August 2019)

The Modern Cook. Second English Edition. 1846. University of Leeds Library / wikimedia / 1846 / Public Domain

History Notes

(1) A younger relative (cousin?) Laura Mabel Francatelli (c. 1880 or 1881 – 2 June 1967), survived the Titanic. She was travelling as secretary to Lady (Lucy) Duff-Gordon, a fashion designer at the time, who also used a sister of Laura, Phyllis Francatelli, as a model. She is sometimes identified as his daughter but this appears to be mistaken.[ref/Colin Smythe. Charles Elmé Francatelli, Crockford's, and the Royal Connection. [/ref]

(2) Liebig's Extract of Meat company carried a posthumous endorsement from him in an 1889 brochure the company put out, quoting him as saying 'The very soul of cookery is the stockpot and the finest stockpot is LIEBIG COMPANY'S EXTRACT of MEAT'.

The brochure attributed the quote to 'Francatelli, Chef de cuisine of the late Emperor of the French'.

It's not certain which 'Emperor' they are referring to: Napoleon the first who resigned in 1815 when Francatelli was 10 years old; Napoleon II who reigned as an infant for a few months in total during 1814 and 1815, or Napoleon III (crowned in 1852; deposed in 1870.)

After Napoleon III was deposed, he and his wife Eugenie lived in England. He died at Chislehurst on 9 January 1873. It may have been while at Chiselhurst that Francatelli cooked for him, or perhaps, during Napoleon's much earlier stay in England between 1838 and 1839 at the Royal Leamington Spa in London, he happened to dine at Crawford's where Francatelli worked at the time. In either event, to have said that Francatelli was 'chef de cuisine' for Napoleon would have been advertising hyperbole at its best.

Literature & Lore

'Over the mantelpiece was … a large framed photograph of Francatelli, that immortal chef whose memory is kept green in so many kitchens, and whose recipes are still followed as are followed the footprints of the great ones in the Everlasting Sands of Time.' — from Hichens, Robert Smythe (English author. 14 November 1864 — 20 July 1950). The Prophet of Berkeley Square. Chapter 9. 1901.

'The palate is as capable and almost as worthy of cultivation as the eye and ear.' — Francatelli.

'I wish you were as gourmand as I am; I wish you could have had some of the delicious white soup I made, or rather caused to be made for the club last week. I shall not tell you anything about it, I'm sure I should not make your mouth water if I did. I believe you could read Francatelli right through from beginning to end without being moved in the smallest degree.' — Miss Eliza Mary Ann Savage (1836 – February 1885) in a letter to Samuel Butler (1835 – 1902). January 1877.

Charles Francatelli And Nancy Skerrett

'What a failure that special grand dinner was! How those dreadful occasional waiters did break the old china! What a dismal hash poor Mary, the cook, made of the French dish which she WOULD try out of Francatelli!' — William Makepeace Thackeray (English author, 1811 — 1863). Roundabout Papers. Published 1860 to 1863.

Videos

In Season 2, Episode 4 of Lords and Ladles (filmed at Hilton Park, broadcast October 2016), chef Paul Flynn receives an order of cockscombs and turkey testicles for an 1880 Charles Elme Francatelli recipe.

Further Reading

Smythe, Colin. Charles Elmé Francatelli, Crockford's, and the Royal Connection. (Link valid as of August 2019.)

Francatelli's entry in: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 20. Page 163

by Susan Flantzer

Marianne Skerrett attributed to Dr. Ernest Becker, circa 1859; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

Read about others who served Queen Victoria at Unofficial Royalty: Queen Victoria's Inner Circle Index.

Marianne Skerrett was the Head Dresser and Wardrobe-Woman to Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1862.

Marianne Skerrett was the daughter of a British Army officer who owned a plantation in Bermuda. Her uncle had been sub-treasurer to Queen Charlotte, Victoria's paternal grandmother. Her great-grandfather William Popple had been a Governor of Bermuda. Marianne was born in 1793, so she was 44-years-old when the 18-year-old Victoria became queen. She was very intelligent, extremely well-read and fluent in Danish, French, and German. Recommended to Queen Victoria by Louisa Petty-FitzMaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne, a Lady of the Bedchamber, Marianne became one of Queen Victoria's two dressers in 1837 and eventually became head dresser.

Charles Francatelli Marriage Information

As the head dresser, Marianne, who was called Skerrett by Queen Victoria, was responsible for Victoria's wardrobe. She oversaw the ordering of all the queen's clothing, shoes, hats, gloves, and undergarments. In addition, Marianne kept the wardrobe accounts and was diligent in checking all the bills to make sure no one tried to cheat Victoria. She was also responsible for supervising the hairdressers, dressmakers, and the seamstresses who kept the royal wardrobe in good repair.

Marianne and Victoria had a lot in common. They were both intelligent, loved animals, spoke several languages, read and discussed books, and shared an interest in paintings and painters. Victoria would come to rely on Marianne to help with the purchase of paintings and in corresponding with artists. After the departure in 1842 of Baroness Louise Lehzen, Victoria's former governess and then advisor and companion, Marianne took on some of her duties, becoming somewhat of a secretary and doing whatever Victoria needed her to do.

After 25 years of serving Queen Victoria, Marianne retired in 1862 at the age of 69. She was anxious to return to the world beyond the palace walls. She wrote about her retirement, 'This year I shall hope and trust to be able to say and do to a certain extent what I have so long been wanting to do…' Marianne received a pension of £70 and went to live with her sister in the Marylebone section of London.

Marianne Skerrett by Rosa Koberwein, 1880; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

Marianne Skerrett remained in contact with Queen Victoria, visiting her and writing to her, until her death in 1887 at the age of 94. She bequeathed to Queen Victoria a painting by the British painter William Hogarth, The Popple and Ashley Families, a colonial family in Bermuda, one of which had been Marianne's grandmother (the child in the painting). The painting is currently in the Royal Collection. Upon hearing that Marianne Skerrett had died Queen Victoria wrote in her journal: 'She came to me at my accession, & was most useful at the head of my Wardrobe, ordering everything, looking over my bills, &c, & arranging with the different artists. She was quite a superior person, very clever, read enormously, had an intense passion for animals, & was a great friend of Landseer's, & of many of the artists.'

The Popple and Ashley Families by William Hogarth; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

'What a failure that special grand dinner was! How those dreadful occasional waiters did break the old china! What a dismal hash poor Mary, the cook, made of the French dish which she WOULD try out of Francatelli!' — William Makepeace Thackeray (English author, 1811 — 1863). Roundabout Papers. Published 1860 to 1863.

Videos

In Season 2, Episode 4 of Lords and Ladles (filmed at Hilton Park, broadcast October 2016), chef Paul Flynn receives an order of cockscombs and turkey testicles for an 1880 Charles Elme Francatelli recipe.

Further Reading

Smythe, Colin. Charles Elmé Francatelli, Crockford's, and the Royal Connection. (Link valid as of August 2019.)

Francatelli's entry in: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 20. Page 163

by Susan Flantzer

Marianne Skerrett attributed to Dr. Ernest Becker, circa 1859; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

Read about others who served Queen Victoria at Unofficial Royalty: Queen Victoria's Inner Circle Index.

Marianne Skerrett was the Head Dresser and Wardrobe-Woman to Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1862.

Marianne Skerrett was the daughter of a British Army officer who owned a plantation in Bermuda. Her uncle had been sub-treasurer to Queen Charlotte, Victoria's paternal grandmother. Her great-grandfather William Popple had been a Governor of Bermuda. Marianne was born in 1793, so she was 44-years-old when the 18-year-old Victoria became queen. She was very intelligent, extremely well-read and fluent in Danish, French, and German. Recommended to Queen Victoria by Louisa Petty-FitzMaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne, a Lady of the Bedchamber, Marianne became one of Queen Victoria's two dressers in 1837 and eventually became head dresser.

Charles Francatelli Marriage Information

As the head dresser, Marianne, who was called Skerrett by Queen Victoria, was responsible for Victoria's wardrobe. She oversaw the ordering of all the queen's clothing, shoes, hats, gloves, and undergarments. In addition, Marianne kept the wardrobe accounts and was diligent in checking all the bills to make sure no one tried to cheat Victoria. She was also responsible for supervising the hairdressers, dressmakers, and the seamstresses who kept the royal wardrobe in good repair.

Marianne and Victoria had a lot in common. They were both intelligent, loved animals, spoke several languages, read and discussed books, and shared an interest in paintings and painters. Victoria would come to rely on Marianne to help with the purchase of paintings and in corresponding with artists. After the departure in 1842 of Baroness Louise Lehzen, Victoria's former governess and then advisor and companion, Marianne took on some of her duties, becoming somewhat of a secretary and doing whatever Victoria needed her to do.

After 25 years of serving Queen Victoria, Marianne retired in 1862 at the age of 69. She was anxious to return to the world beyond the palace walls. She wrote about her retirement, 'This year I shall hope and trust to be able to say and do to a certain extent what I have so long been wanting to do…' Marianne received a pension of £70 and went to live with her sister in the Marylebone section of London.

Marianne Skerrett by Rosa Koberwein, 1880; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

Marianne Skerrett remained in contact with Queen Victoria, visiting her and writing to her, until her death in 1887 at the age of 94. She bequeathed to Queen Victoria a painting by the British painter William Hogarth, The Popple and Ashley Families, a colonial family in Bermuda, one of which had been Marianne's grandmother (the child in the painting). The painting is currently in the Royal Collection. Upon hearing that Marianne Skerrett had died Queen Victoria wrote in her journal: 'She came to me at my accession, & was most useful at the head of my Wardrobe, ordering everything, looking over my bills, &c, & arranging with the different artists. She was quite a superior person, very clever, read enormously, had an intense passion for animals, & was a great friend of Landseer's, & of many of the artists.'

The Popple and Ashley Families by William Hogarth; Credit – Royal Collection Trust

Charles Francatelli Victoria

Recommended Book – Serving Queen Victoria: Life in the Royal Household by Kate Hubbard
Support Unofficial Royalty by using this link for all your Amazon purchases! Amazon.com

Works Cited

Charles Francatelli Book

• Baird, Julia. Victoria The Queen. Random House, 2016.
• Erickson, Carolly. Her Little Majesty: The Life of Queen Victoria.Simon and Schuster, 1997.
• Hubbard, Kate. Serving Victoria: Life In The Royal Household. Harper Collins Publishers, 2012.